Association of AFF3 Gene Polymorphism rs10865035 with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Population-Based Case-Control Study on a Pakistani Cohort
June 30, 2021
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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is likely one of the advanced ailments with the involvement of the genetic in addition to environmental elements in its onset and severity. Completely different genome-wide affiliation and candidate gene research have proven the function of a number of genetic variants in a number of loci/genes with ethnical and geographical variations. This examine was designed to detect the affiliation of a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs10865035 within the AFF3 gene with the genetic background of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) within the Pakistani cohort.
A complete of 703 people, together with 409 RA sufferers and 294 wholesome controls, have been genotyped utilizing TaqMan assay and Tri primer ARMS-PCR (amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain response) strategies. The affiliation of rs10865035 with the RA was statistically decided utilizing totally different fashions.
Curiously, apart from the homozygous recessive mannequin (G/G vs. A/G + A/A) (OR = 1.693(1.06-2.648); P = 0.025), all different fashions, which included the codominant (χ 2 = 5.169; P = 0.075), homozygous dominant (A/A vs. G/G + A/G) (OR = 0.867 (0.636-1.187); P = 0.41), heterozygous (A/G vs. A/A + GG) (OR = 0.491 (0.667-1.215); P = 0.49), and additive mannequin (OR = 0.826 (0.665-1.027); P = 0.08) confirmed insignificant distribution of the genotypes among the many instances and controls. These findings counsel that the AFF3 gene (rs10865035) has no vital function within the onset of RA within the Pakistani inhabitants.
Determinants of first-line organic remedy in sufferers with rheumatoid arthritis: Outcomes from an observational examine
Pointers for the remedy of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) suggest using typical artificial illness modifying anti-rheumatic medicine (cs-DMARDs) on the onset of the illness and solely within the case of therapeutic failure, the addition of a organic drug (b-DMARD) is usually recommended.The examine aimed to judge determinants for first-line organic remedy in sufferers with RA in scientific observe.
A cohort of sufferers with RA, resident in Lazio, a central Italian Area, the place Rome is situated, and with a minimum of one illness modifying anti-rheumatic medicine (DMARD) prescription between 2010 and 2016 was chosen utilizing well being info methods linkable with one another by a person distinctive nameless identifier. Particularly RA cohort was outlined retrieving all sufferers with a minimum of a RA illness code in regional knowledge claims (hospital discharge, exemption code, emergency division entry, or therapeutic plan).
Solely new customers have been included and the first-line remedy was recognized: cs-DMARD or b-DMARD.Descriptive evaluation in accordance with kind of DMARD remedy was carried out. By means of multivariate logistic regression fashions (odds ratio [OR]; confidence interval [CI95%]) determinants of remedy akin to age, comorbidity, and comedication have been investigated.
Lastly, switching throughout the first 12 months of remedy from cs-DAMARDs to b-DMARDs was analyzed.DMARD-new customers with RA have been 5641; 7.1% of them with b-DMARD as first-line remedy. Contemplating the 12 months of dishing out, this proportion ranged from 4.9% (2011) to eight.2% (2015). Amongst cs-DMARD essentially the most prescribed energetic agent was methotrexate (59.3%), whereas amongst b-DMARD it was etarnecept (37.0%), adopted by adalimumab (21.2%).
The typical age of the cohort was 54 years with 77% of girls. Determinants of first-line b-DMARD use have been: age (OR<30vs>65 = 3.7; 2.6-5.2, OR[30-45)vs>65 = 1.7; 1.2-2.4, OR[45-55)vs>65 = 1.6; 1.1-2.4, OR[55-65)vs>65 = 1.2; 0.8-1.7), cancers (OR = 2.3; 1.3-4.2), cardio-cerebrovascular disease (OR = 1.4; 1.0-1.9), use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (OR = 0.6; 0.4-0.7) and corticosteroids (OR = 0.6; 0.5-0.7) in the 6 months preceding diagnosis.In the first year of treatment, we observed a percentage of switch from cs-DMARDs to b-DMARDs of 7.9%.In clinical practice, about 7% of patients with RA are prescribed with a b-DMARD as first-line treatment. This therapeutic option, even if not supported by guide lines, is mostly link to younger age and clinical profile of the patients.
Penta-acetyl Geniposide Suppresses Migration, Invasion, and Irritation of TNF-α-Stimulated Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes Involving Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
We beforehand reported that penta-acetyl geniposide ((Ac)5GP, an energetic by-product of geniposide) confirmed anti-arthritic impact on adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats by selling the apoptosis of AIA fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS). This examine aimed to exhibit the consequences of (Ac)5GP on migration, invasion, and irritation of TNF-α-stimulated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) FLS (MH7A cell) and to discover the concerned mechanisms.
MTT assay was used to find out the utilized non-cytotoxic doses of (Ac)5GP (12.5, 25, 50 μM) in vitro. Outcomes of wound-healing, transwell, and phalloidin staining assays indicated that (Ac)5GP lowered the migration, invasion, and F-actin cytoskeletal reorganization of TNF-α-stimulated MH7A. Outcomes of ELISA and western blot assays confirmed that (Ac)5GP lowered TNF-α-induced manufacturing of pro-inflammatory cytokines (like IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs, akin to MMP-2 and MMP-9).
Furthermore, (Ac)5GP inhibited TNF-α-induced activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, evidenced by decreasing the protein ranges of Wnt1, p-GSK-3β (Ser9), and β-catenin and stopping β-catenin nuclear translocation. Importantly, the mixture of XAV939 (an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin) promoted the actions of (Ac)5GP on TNF-α-induced migration, invasion, and irritation, additional revealing the involvement of Wnt/β-catenin pathway underlying the therapeutic results of (Ac)5GP on TNF-α-stimulated MH7A.
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Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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| E16FMG062L-025U | EnoGene | 25 μg | EUR 368.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse CD102 |
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| E16FMG102-025U | EnoGene | 25 μg | EUR 368.33 |
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Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse CD103 |
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| E16FMG103-025U | EnoGene | 25 μg | EUR 368.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse CD105 |
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| E16FMG105-025U | EnoGene | 25 μg | EUR 368.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse CD105 |
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| E16FMG105-100U | EnoGene | 100 μg | EUR 845 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse CD106 |
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| E16FMG106-100U | EnoGene | 100 μg | EUR 845 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse CD146 |
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| E16FMG146-025U | EnoGene | 25 μg | EUR 520 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse CD146 |
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| E16FMG146-100U | EnoGene | 100 μg | EUR 1083.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD11a |
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| E16FHG011a-100 | EnoGene | 100 tests | EUR 975 |
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Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD11b |
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| E16FHG011b-025 | EnoGene | 25 tests | EUR 346.67 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD11b |
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| E16FHG011b-025U | EnoGene | 25 μg | EUR 368.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD11b |
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| E16FHG011b-100 | EnoGene | 100 tests | EUR 975 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD11b |
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| E16FHG011b-100U | EnoGene | 100 μg | EUR 845 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD11c |
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| E16FHG011c-025 | EnoGene | 25 tests | EUR 411.67 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD11c |
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| E16FHG011c-100 | EnoGene | 100 tests | EUR 975 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD62L |
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| E16FHG062L-100 | EnoGene | 100 tests | EUR 975 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD105 |
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| E16FHG105-025 | EnoGene | 25 tests | EUR 455 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD105 |
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| E16FHG105-100 | EnoGene | 100 tests | EUR 975 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD147 |
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| E16FHG147-025 | EnoGene | 25 tests | EUR 455 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD154 |
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| E16FHG154-025 | EnoGene | 25 tests | EUR 455 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD161 |
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| E16FHG161-025 | EnoGene | 25 tests | EUR 455 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD161 |
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| E16FHG161-100 | EnoGene | 100 tests | EUR 1018.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Mouse Anti-Human IgA - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| DL87215A-100ul | DL Develop | 100 ul | EUR 190 |
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Description: The antibody was isolated from ascitic by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Mouse Anti-Human IgA - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| DL87215A-500ul | DL Develop | 500 ul | EUR 280 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from ascitic by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Mouse Anti-Human IgM - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| DL87218A-100ul | DL Develop | 100 ul | EUR 155 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from ascitic by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Mouse Anti-Human IgM - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| DL87218A-500ul | DL Develop | 500 ul | EUR 350 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from ascitic by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Mouse Anti-Human IgA - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| E38A3234 | EnoGene | 100μL | EUR 125 |
Mouse Anti-Human IgM - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| E38A3238 | EnoGene | 100μL | EUR 125 |
Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD45RA |
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| E16FHG0453-100 | EnoGene | 100 tests | EUR 975 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD45RO |
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| E16FHG0456-100 | EnoGene | 100 tests | EUR 975 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Mouse Anti-Human IgA - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| YLF0508-100ul | Shanghai YL Biotech | 100 ul | EUR 130 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from ascitic by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Mouse Anti-Human IgA - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| YLF0508-1ml | Shanghai YL Biotech | 1 ml | EUR 300 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from ascitic by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Mouse Anti-Human IgA - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| YLF0508-500ul | Shanghai YL Biotech | 500 ul | EUR 210 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from ascitic by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Mouse Anti-Human IgM - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| YLF0257-100ul | Shanghai YL Biotech | 100 ul | EUR 130 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from ascitic by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Mouse Anti-Human IgM - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| YLF0257-1ml | Shanghai YL Biotech | 1 ml | EUR 480 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from ascitic by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Mouse Anti-Human IgM - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| YLF0257-500ul | Shanghai YL Biotech | 500 ul | EUR 290 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from ascitic by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Rabbit Anti-Human IgM - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| DL87207A-100ul | DL Develop | 100 ul | EUR 190 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Rabbit Anti-Human IgM - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| DL87207A-500ul | DL Develop | 500 ul | EUR 280 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Rabbit Anti-Human IgM - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| YLF0505-100ul | Shanghai YL Biotech | 100 ul | EUR 130 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Rabbit Anti-Human IgM - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| YLF0505-1ml | Shanghai YL Biotech | 1 ml | EUR 300 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Rabbit Anti-Human IgM - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| YLF0505-500ul | Shanghai YL Biotech | 500 ul | EUR 210 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Anti-Mouse CD11c (Alexa Fluor 488) Antibody |
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| MBS4152797-01mg | MyBiosource | 0.1mg | EUR 520 |
Anti-Mouse CD11c (Alexa Fluor 488) Antibody |
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| MBS4152797-5x01mg | MyBiosource | 5x0.1mg | EUR 2090 |
Anti-Mouse CD11c (Alexa Fluor 488) Antibody |
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| Y200001 | ABM | 100 µg | EUR 350 |
Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-rat CD11b/c |
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| E16FRG011b/c-100U | EnoGene | 100 μg | EUR 845 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Goat Anti-Human IgG Fc - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| DL87186A-100ul | DL Develop | 100 ul | EUR 155 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Goat Anti-Human IgG Fc - Alexa Fluor 488 |
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| DL87186A-500ul | DL Develop | 500 ul | EUR 350 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 rat anti-mouse CD19 |
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| E16FMG019-100U | EnoGene | 100 μg | EUR 823.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse/rat CD29 |
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| E16FMG029-025U | EnoGene | 25 μg | EUR 368.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse/rat CD29 |
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| E16FMG029-100U | EnoGene | 100 μg | EUR 845 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 rat anti-mouse CD38 |
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| E16FMG038-100U | EnoGene | 100 μg | EUR 823.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse/rat CD61 |
|||
| E16FMG061-025U | EnoGene | 25 μg | EUR 368.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
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Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse/rat CD29 |
|||
| E16FRG029-025U | EnoGene | 25 μg | EUR 368.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
|||
Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse/rat CD29 |
|||
| E16FRG029-100U | EnoGene | 100 μg | EUR 845 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
|||
Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-mouse/rat CD61 |
|||
| E16FRG061-025U | EnoGene | 25 μg | EUR 368.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
|||
Goat Anti-Human IgG Fc - Alexa Fluor 488 |
|||
| E38A3204 | EnoGene | 100μL | EUR 125 |
Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD95 (Fas) |
|||
| E16FHG095-025 | EnoGene | 25 tests | EUR 498.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
|||
Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-human CD95 (Fas) |
|||
| E16FHG095-100 | EnoGene | 100 tests | EUR 1083.33 |
|
Description: Available in various conjugation types. |
|||
Goat Anti-Human IgG Fc - Alexa Fluor 488 |
|||
| YLF0235-100ul | Shanghai YL Biotech | 100 ul | EUR 130 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
|||
Goat Anti-Human IgG Fc - Alexa Fluor 488 |
|||
| YLF0235-1ml | Shanghai YL Biotech | 1 ml | EUR 480 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
|||
Goat Anti-Human IgG Fc - Alexa Fluor 488 |
|||
| YLF0235-500ul | Shanghai YL Biotech | 500 ul | EUR 290 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
|||
Goat Anti-Human IgG Fab - Alexa Fluor 488 |
|||
| DL87185A-100ul | DL Develop | 100 ul | EUR 190 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
|||
Goat Anti-Human IgG Fab - Alexa Fluor 488 |
|||
| DL87185A-500ul | DL Develop | 500 ul | EUR 280 |
|
Description: The antibody was isolated from antisera by immunoaffinity chromatography using antigens coupled to agarose beads. |
|||
In vivo, (Ac)5GP relieved the development and severity of rat collagen-induced arthritis, associated to decreasing the degrees of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in addition to inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathway in synovial tissues. Collectively, (Ac)5GP may suppress TNF-α-induced migration, invasion, and irritation in RA FLS involving Wnt/β-catenin pathway and (Ac)5GP could be as a candidate agent for RA remedy.RatRat